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Sind Freiheit und moralische Verantwortung mit dem kausalen Determinismus vereinbar? Die Debatte über diese Frage scheint in einem Patt zwischen Kompatibilisten und Inkompatibilisten festzustecken. Nach verbreiteter Ansicht zählen zu den wichtigsten neueren Entwicklungen die Abkehr der Kompatibilisten von der Konditionalanalyse von Freiheit und der wachsende Zweifel daran, dass alternative Möglichkeiten Voraussetzung für Verantwortung sind. In diesem Buch wird zu zeigen versucht, dass beide Entwicklungen Irrwege sind und das Patt zugunsten des Kompatibilismus überwunden werden kann. Im ersten Teil wird die Konditionalanalyse modifiziert und gegen Einwände verteidigt. Der zweite Teil argumentiert, dass eine Person genau dann moralisch verantwortlich für ein Ereignis ist, wenn ihr eine bestimmte konditionale Analyse Handlungsspielräume zuschreibt. Diese Spielräume bewirken nämlich, dass der Wille kausale Spuren in Form von Ereignissen hinterlässt, welche Rückschlüsse auf die moralische Qualität der Person ermöglichen. Dass eine Person moralisch verantwortlich für ein Ereignis ist, heißt jedoch genau dies: Sie steht zu ihm in einer kausalen Relation, die es ermöglicht, sie in seinem Lichte moralisch zu beurteilen.
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This volume is aimed at readers who wish to move beyond debates about the existence of free will and the efficacy of consciousness and closer to appreciating how free will and consciousness might operate. It draws from philosophy and psychology, the two fields that have grappled most fundamentally with these issues. In this wide-ranging volume, the contributors explore such issues as how free will is connected to rational choice, planning, and self-control; roles for consciousness in decision making; the nature and power of conscious deciding; connections among free will, consciousness, and quantum mechanics; why free will and consciousness might have evolved; how consciousness develops in individuals; the experience of free will; effects on behavior of the belief that free will is an illusion; and connections between free will and moral responsibility in lay thinking. Collectively, these state-of-the-art chapters by accomplished psychologists and philosophers provide a glimpse into the future of research on free will and consciousness.
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Philosophical anthropology --- Metaphysics --- Free will and determinism.
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Shows how principles of Common Sense philosophy are involved in volition, action and the ability to judge morally, giving an original twist to a libertarian and realist tradition that was prominently represented in eighteenth-century British thought .
Act (Philosophy) --- Free will and determinism --- Action (Philosophy) --- Agent (Philosophy) --- Philosophy
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Decision making --- Free will and determinism. --- Responsibility. --- Moral and ethical aspects.
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Cosmology --- Free will and determinism --- Individualism --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Philosophy, Renaissance --- History --- Nicholas,
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Few philosophical issues have had as long and elaborate a history as the problem of free will, which has been contested at every stage of the history of the subject. The present work practices an extensive bibliography of this elaborate literature, listing some five thousand items ranging from classical antiquity to the present.
Free will and determinism --- Compatibilism --- Determinism and free will --- Determinism and indeterminism --- Free agency --- Freedom and determinism --- Freedom of the will --- Indeterminism --- Liberty of the will --- Determinism (Philosophy)
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Will is understood as the ability of an agent to reflect on and define aims freely, and to act upon and pursue them methodically and steadfastly. For the first time this volume examines in detail the historical development of the terminology and problems within the various philosophical schools (Stoics, Neo-Platonists, Peripatetics), as well as in Christian patristics, which led to the establishment of a philosophically "adequate" definition of will in Late Antiquity.
Free will and determinism --- Philosophy, Ancient --- Stoics --- Peripatetics --- Neoplatonism --- Christian philosophy --- History --- Römisches Reich. --- Griechenland. --- Greek Literature. --- Philosophy/Late Antiquity.
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The works translated here deal with two major themes in the thinking of St Augustine (354-430): free will and divine grace. On the one hand, free will enables human beings to make their own choices; on the other hand, God's grace is required for these choices to be efficacious. 'On the Free Choice of the Will', 'On Grace and Free Choice', 'On Reprimand and Grace' and 'On the Gift of Perseverance' set out Augustine's theory of human responsibility, and sketch a subtle reconciliation of will and grace. This volume is the first to bring together Augustine's early and later writings on these two themes, in a new translation by Peter King, enabling the reader to see what Augustine regarded as the crowning achievement of his work. The volume also includes a clear and accessible introduction that analyzes Augustine's key philosophical lines of thought.
Free will and determinism. --- Grace (Theology). --- Free will and determinism --- Grace (Theology) --- Salvation --- Law and gospel --- Compatibilism --- Determinism and free will --- Determinism and indeterminism --- Free agency --- Freedom and determinism --- Freedom of the will --- Indeterminism --- Liberty of the will --- Determinism (Philosophy) --- Christianity --- Philosophical anthropology --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Arts and Humanities --- Philosophy
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This work presents an argument that the problem of free will boils down to an open scientific question about the causal histories of certain kinds of neural events.
Free will and determinism. --- Ethics. --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Compatibilism --- Determinism and free will --- Determinism and indeterminism --- Free agency --- Freedom and determinism --- Freedom of the will --- Indeterminism --- Liberty of the will --- Philosophy --- Values --- Determinism (Philosophy) --- PHILOSOPHY/General --- Free will and determinism
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